CHAPTER
21
SOME
IMPORTANT CONSONANTS
Part
II: Pronunciation of –ed past tenses
A. The rules for the
pronunciation of the –ed endings.
1.
If
the verb ends in the sound /t/ or /d/ à /Ιd/ e.g. invited, landed
2.
If
the verb ends in vowel or voiced consonant:
/b/,
/j/, /v/, /z/, /dʒ/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /r/, etc à /d/ e.g. called, noticed
3.
If
the verb ends in a voiceless consonant:
/p/,
/k/, /f/, /s/, /tʃ/, etc à /t/ e.g. stopped, laughed
B. Notice the way the –ed
ending of the past tense verbs is pronounced!
1.
Last
night Bart stopped at the supermarket on his way home.
2.
Yesterday
afternoon Fred called a restaurant to book a table for two.
3.
Yesterday
evening Sidney invited Amanda to dinner.
4.
She
jumped over the wall.
5.
The
plane crushed in the jungle.
6.
They
traveled across Europe by train.
7.
Columbus
discovered America.
8.
She
laughed at the joke.
9.
They
ordered a lot of the most expensive things on the menu.
10. the food was wasted
because she didn’t come.
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SOME
IMPORTANT CONSONANTS
Part
III: Linking Sounds
We often link consonants at the
end of a word with a vowel at the beginning of the next word. Listen and
practice!
Have you ever been in a traffic
accident?
Have
you ever eaten Indian food?
Has
your brother ever asked you for a loan?
Now practice the following
conversation. Pay attention to the linking sounds!
Ayu : have you ever gotten a traffic ticket?
Maria : Yes, I have. Once I got a ticket that cost
me $ 50.
Yuniar : Have you ever been late for an important
appointment?
Neli : Yes, I have. I was 30 minutes late for
my wedding.
Sena : have you ever lost your key?
Yoga : Yes, I have. I lost them twice last month.
Rico : Have you ever forgotten where you parked
your car?
Dian : No, I haven’t. But my brother always
does. It drives him crazy.
PRACTICE AT
HOME!
Peter Piper
picked a pack of pickled peppers
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